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Salt — No. 8
Bild von Caveman Chuck Coker
Abstract from a somewhat dry paper about the Bristol Dry Lake:
Holocene Non-Deposition In Bristol Dry Lake, California, Inferred from Adjacent Alluvial Fan Sequences
Michael R. Rosen and David M. Miller
Long cores from Bristol Dry Lake (BDL) show that the basin has hosted playas, but no deep perennial lakes, for more than 3 Ma, and that the basin-center sedimentation has been continuous. However, examination of the Holocene and late Pleistocene alluvial fan deposits surrounding the playa suggests that periods of non-deposition and down-cutting in the fans have made highly variable amounts of sediment available to the playa. Mid-fan deposits (~50 m above the playa) consist of braided-stream sediments composed of poorly-sorted gravel and sand. An extensive pedogenic calcic horizon (Bkm) in this sediment is widespread, although it is best developed on the north side of the basin. The calcic zone is approximately 1-3 m below the surface and is overlain by an associated red Bt horizon in many places. In many locations, this old fan deposit is disconformably overlain by a thin, braided stream deposit with little or no pedogenic characteristics. The observation that this stratigraphy is widespread indicates that there were one or more major periods of reduced sediment delivery to the playa during the development of the old soil and before the deposition of the overlying fan deposit. Similar stage III calcic soils elsewhere in the Mojave Desert took at least 30,000 years to develop. During Pleistocene pluvials, other basins in southern California, such as Manix, Searles, and Panamint Lakes, were experiencing high lake levels. The BDL fan stratigraphy, coupled with the lack of evidence of paleoshorelines cut into Pleistocene fan deposits surrounding the BDL basin, indicates that BDL did not host a deep perennial lake at this time. Complexly varying patterns of sediment delivery from fans must be reflected in the playa sediments. Non-deposition in the fans may correspond to periods of significant diagenesis in the basin center halite units, where primary halite textures have been obliterated.
Source: The Geological Society of America
This photo is geo-tagged.
Bristol Lake, in Cadiz Valley, south of Amboy and the Bristol Mountains
20090301_0467a1_800x600
Salt — No. 9
Bild von Caveman Chuck Coker
The following minerals are found at Bristol Dry Lake:
• Anhydrite
• Antarcticite
• Calcite
• Celestine
• Gypsum
• Halite
Anhydrite
Formula: CaSO4
System: Orthorhombic
Colour:Colourless, bluish, …
Lustre: Vitreous, Greasy, Pearly
Hardness: 3 – 3½
Name: Named from the Greek άυ-νδρος meaning "without" and "water", in alluson to the lack of water in the composition.
Isostructural with Ferruccite; isostructural and isomorphous with α-BaSO4 and α-SrSO4.
Antarcticite
Formula: CaCl2·6H2O
System: Trigonal
Colour: Colourless
Hardness: 2 – 3
Name: For its occurrence on the continent of Antarctica.
A highly hygroscopic mineral.
Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
System: Trigonal
Colour: White, Yellow, Red, …
Lustre: Vitreous, Pearly
Hardness: 3
Name: From Calx, the Latin for Lime.
Polymorph of: Aragonite, Vaterite
Isostructural with: Nitratine, Otavite
A very common and widespread mineral with highly variable forms and colours. Calcite is best recognized by its relatively low hardness (H = 3) and its high reactivity with even weak acids, such as vinegar, plus its prominent cleavage in most varieties.
Celestine
Formula: SrSO4
System: Orthorhombic
Colour: Colourless, shades of …
Hardness: 3 – 3½
Name: Named from the Greek "cœlestis," for celestial, in allusion to the faint blue color of the original specimen.
By far the most common strontium mineral.
Gypsum
Formula: Ca[SO4]·2H2O
System: Monoclinic
Colour: Colourless to white, …
Hardness: 2
Name: Named in antiquity from the Greek "gypsos," meaning plaster.
Isostructural with: Brushite
Found as both massive material, including the alabaster variety; and clear crystals, the selenite variety; and, parallel fibrous, the satin spar variety. Typically white to clear, crystals thick tabular to lenticular, sometimes prismatic.
Halite
Formula: NaCl
System: Isometric
Colour: Colourless, whitish, …
Lustre: Vitreous
Hardness: 2½
Name: From the Greek άλς, sea, for halites, later modified by J.D. Dana to halite.
Natural Salt. Occurs both as evaporite deposits in saline lakes and water courses, or as bedded sedimentary deposits, or as salt domes.
Source: www.mindat.org/loc-23697.html, An online information resource dedicated to providing free mineralogical information to all.
This photo is geo-tagged.
Bristol Lake, in Cadiz Valley, south of Amboy and the Bristol Mountains
20090301_0468-1a1_800x600
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Very fine layering in the erroded limy mudstone of Caithness. These structure were photographed at the Trinkie, south of Wick.
Bild von Shandchem
Very fine layering in the erroded limy mudstone of Caithness. These structure were photographed at the Trinkie, south of Wick.
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Bild von JoshuaDavisPhotography
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